- 1. teach or instruct orally
- ♦ 我国许多地方戏曲都是由民间艺人世代~而保存下来的。 Many of our local operas were preserved by folk artists who passed them down from generation to generation by word of mouth.
- 2. dictate
- ♦ 他写的这封信是他父亲~的。 The letter he wrote was dictated by his father.